What’s a dryer?
A dryer is a mechanical gadget or machine that removes the water from wet grains by forcing either ambient air or heated air through the grain bulk.
Why is proper utilization of a dryer necessary?
Any delay in drying of wet paddy leads to rapid deterioration of quality. A dryer that does not perform well or is not operated properly can cause several problems:
Extended drying time as a result of inefficient air delivery or low temperature
Uneven drying of grains because of uneven airflow or very high temperature (batch dryers)
High fuel consumption as a result of ineffective air distribution or very high airflow rate
Low germination rate attributable to very high drying air temperatures
High number of broken grains resulting from mixing of dry with wet grains or as a result of moisture gradient
Fire hazard and hazard of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning of operators from utilizing unsafe burners
What’s the proper way of drying?
For optimum drying, apply proper pre-drying administration and operate the dryer according to the manual.
Earlier than drying
Prevent any delay in drying after harvest. In the event you can’t dry the paddy to the desired moisture content material, at the very least pre-dry it to 18%, which is safe for short-term storage for up to two weeks.
Clean the grains earlier than drying to keep away from uneven drying and wet spots.
Don’t mix grains with totally different moisture contents to keep away from cracking.
Read the operator’s manual and familiarize your self with the dryer operation.
Utilizing the dryer
Load the dryer with wet paddy, considering the minimum load. Do not overload.
With very wet paddy or when paddy tons with totally different moisture contents are mixed, aerate or flow into the grains for 15−30 min before turning the heater on to reduce broken grains.
In a batch dryer with more than 30 cm grain depth, mix the grains at the least as soon as for more even drying.
Monitor grain temperature and moisture content material to stop excess temperature and over drying.
Dry paddy after harvest to 18% moisture content for storage up to weeks.
Dry paddy for milling to 14% moisture content. Drying under 14% reduces weight and milling yield.
For 8−12-month storage, dry to thirteen% or less; for lengthy-time period storage exceeding 1 year, dry to 9%.
Safety precautions
Always operate the dryer following the steps given within the manual.
Check burners or furnaces often to forestall fire hazards and extra CO production. Always have a fire extinguisher at hand.
Make sure that fuel minimize-off valves that disconnect the fuel supply in case of power cuts are functioning.
Ensure proper air flow in the working space to forestall CO poisoning.
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